In the global marketplace, barcodes are essential for product identification, inventory management, and sales tracking. Two of the most commonly used barcode systems are the Universal Product Code (UPC) and the European Article Number (EAN). Understanding their differences and knowing how to obtain them is crucial for sellers, especially those on platforms like Amazon.

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What Are UPC and EAN Barcodes?

UPC (Universal Product Code)

UPC is a 12-digit barcode primarily used in the United States and Canada. It's designed for scanning at point-of-sale systems and is widely adopted in North American retail.

EAN (European Article Number)

EAN is a 13-digit barcode used internationally, especially in Europe. It's compatible with UPC and is recognized globally, making it suitable for products sold outside North America.

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Understanding GTIN: The Umbrella Identifier

Both UPC and EAN are types of Global Trade Item Numbers (GTINs), which are unique identifiers for trade items developed by GS1, a non-profit organization that sets global standards for business communication.

Common GTIN Formats:

• GTIN-12 (UPC-A): 12-digit code used mainly in North America.
• GTIN-13 (EAN-13): 13-digit code used internationally.
• GTIN-14: 14-digit code used for grouping trade items.
• GTIN-8 (EAN-8): 8-digit code used for small packages.

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Why Do You Need These Barcodes?

For sellers, especially on Amazon, barcodes are essential for:

• Product Listing: Each product requires a unique identifier.
• Inventory Management: Track stock levels accurately.
• Sales Tracking: Monitor product performance.
• Compliance: Meet platform requirements and avoid listing issues.

Without proper barcodes, your products may not be listed or could face removal from the platform.

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How to Obtain UPC or EAN Barcodes

1. Purchase from GS1

GS1 is the only globally recognized provider of GTINs. Purchasing directly from GS1 ensures that your barcodes are unique and compliant with international standards.

• Process:
  • Register with your local GS1 Member Organization.
  • Obtain a GS1 Company Prefix.
  • Assign GTINs to your products.
• Costs:
  • Initial registration fee.
  • Annual renewal fee.

2. Buy from Third-Party Resellers

Some sellers opt to purchase barcodes from third-party resellers due to lower costs. However, this comes with risks:

• Potential Issues:
  • Barcodes may not be unique.
  • Possible non-compliance with platform requirements.
  • Risk of product listing removal.

It's crucial to ensure that any third-party reseller provides legitimate and unique barcodes.

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Amazon's GTIN Exemption

In certain cases, Amazon allows sellers to list products without a GTIN:

• Eligibility:
  • Products without a barcode.
  • Private-label or handmade products.
  • Bundles or multipacks.
• Application Process:
  • Provide product images showing all sides and packaging.
  • Ensure brand name matches on product and packaging.
  • Submit a request through Amazon Seller Central.

Approval is at Amazon's discretion and not guaranteed.

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Determining the Number of Barcodes Needed

Each unique product variation requires its own barcode. Consider the following factors:

• Product Variations:
  • Size.
  • Color.
  • Style.
  • Packaging.

For example, a T-shirt available in three sizes and two colors would need six unique barcodes (3 sizes x 2 colors).

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Conclusion

Understanding and obtaining the correct barcodes is vital for successful product listing and sales tracking, especially on platforms like Amazon. While third-party resellers may offer cheaper options, purchasing directly from GS1 ensures compliance and reduces risks. Evaluate your product variations carefully to determine the number of barcodes needed, and consider applying for a GTIN exemption if eligible.